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The Pharmacy Technician: A Comprehensive Approach

By Jahangir Moini, Jennifer G. Schnellmann, Mandana Naderi, Lawrence York

5th Edition © 2026
Discipline:Health Care
Course:Pharmacy Technology
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Moini/Schnellmann/Naderi/York’s “The Pharmacy Technician: A Comprehensive Approach” 5th Edition, is the ideal resource for building a pharmacy career. Students gain the knowledge and skills to work with a licensed pharmacist in a clinical or retail setting. Students explore the latest medical and pharmaceutical terminology, pharmaceutical calculations and techniques, and examine critical topics such as sterile compounding, record keeping, law, ethics, insurance and billing. The text reflects the latest accreditation standards with learning aids to master medical terminology, avoid common errors and strengthen critical thinking and problem-solving. This edition is invaluable for anyone preparing for national certification exams. MindTap online resources offer course management and learning tools with virtual pharmacy activities to immerse students in a pharmacy setting.

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About this product

Moini/Schnellmann/Naderi/York’s “The Pharmacy Technician: A Comprehensive Approach” 5th Edition, is the ideal resource for building a pharmacy career. Students gain the knowledge and skills to work with a licensed pharmacist in a clinical or retail setting. Students explore the latest medical and pharmaceutical terminology, pharmaceutical calculations and techniques, and examine critical topics such as sterile compounding, record keeping, law, ethics, insurance and billing. The text reflects the latest accreditation standards with learning aids to master medical terminology, avoid common errors and strengthen critical thinking and problem-solving. This edition is invaluable for anyone preparing for national certification exams. MindTap online resources offer course management and learning tools with virtual pharmacy activities to immerse students in a pharmacy setting.

Filled with the latest materials, nine appendices provide detailed reference information for practicing professionals and PTCB practice examinations with answer keys.

Many chapters contain special Medical Error Alerts to increase readers’ awareness of typical errors in today’s pharmaceutical settings and to learn how to avoid common mistakes.

Medical Terminology Review boxes explain important terms, describe their meanings and provide grammatical explanations.

What Would You Do? feature boxes highlight typical scenarios that pharmacy technicians may encounter on the job, bridging the gap from classroom to practice in the workforce.

Table of contents

Chapters

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Reviewers of the Fifth Edition
Preface
About The Author
Section I. Pharmacy Practice
Section II. Pharmacy Practice Settings
Section III. Administrative Skills
Section IV. Principles of Pharmacology
Appendix A. Common Pharmacy Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix B. Common Drug Formulations
Appendix C. Practice Exam 1 for the PTCB Examination
Appendix D. Practice Exam 2 for the PTCB Examination
Appendix E. Practice Exam 1 for the PTCB Examination Answer Key
Appendix F. Practice Exam 2 for the PTCB Examination Answer Key
Appendix G. Professional Pharmacy Organizations
Appendix H. Professional Pharmacy Technician Journals
Appendix I. State and Territorial Boards of Pharmacy
Appendix J. Top Drugs by Prescriptions Dispensed (2022)
Appendix K. Top 40 Herbal Remedies
Appendix L. Common Drug Name Roots and Stems
Appendix M. Look-Alike Sound-Alike Drugs
Appendix N. Answers to What Would You Do?
Show more

Section I. Pharmacy Practice

Chapter 1. History of Pharmacy
Preview this section ↗
Ancient through Early Modern Era ↗
Contributions from Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China ↗
Contributions from Greece and Rome ↗
Contributions from the Arab World ↗
Transition from the Ancient to the Post-Classical World—Formalization of the Pharmacy Profession ↗
Empiric Era ↗
Pharmacy in the New World ↗
Emergence of Pharmacy Technicians ↗
Discovery of Chemicals and Medicines ↗
History of Vaccinations ↗
Industrialization Era ↗
Patient Care Era ↗
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Era—The New Horizon ↗
Summary ↗
Review Questions ↗
Critical Thinking ↗
Chapter 2. The Foundation of Pharmaceutical Care
The Profession of Pharmacy
Educational Requirements
The Pharmacist
The Pharmacy Technician
The Role of the Pharmacy
Providing Services to the Community
Responsibility to Those Being Served
Professional Organizations
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists
American Association of Pharmacy Technicians
American College of Clinical Pharmacy
Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education
American Pharmacists Association
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
National Pharmacy Technician Association
Pharmacy Technician Certification Board
Pharmacy Technician Educators Council
United States Pharmacopeia
Code of Ethics
Job Opportunities
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 3. Pharmacy Law, Ethics, and Regulatory Agencies
Laws, Standards, and Ethics in Pharmacy
Code of Ethics in Pharmacy
Legal Language
Governing Bodies
Types of Law
Criminal Law
Civil Law
Administrative Law
Violations of the Law
Pharmacy Law and Regulation at the State Level
Pharmacy Law and Regulation at the Federal Level
The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
The Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
The Durham–Humphrey Amendment of 1951
The Kefauver–Harris Amendments of 1962
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970
The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
The Drug Listing Act of 1972
The Medical Device Amendments of 1976
The Orphan Drug Act of 1983
The Drug Price Competition and Patent-Term Restoration Act of 1984
The Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1987
The Anabolic Steroids Control Act of 1990
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
The Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000
The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003
The Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act of 2005
Accutane iPLEDGE Program of 2006
Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act of 2012
Drug Quality and Security Act of 2013
Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016
Federal Regulatory Agencies
Food and Drug Administration
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Drug Enforcement Administration
Drug Recalls
Drug Standards
The Ethical Foundation of Pharmacy
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 4. Communication with Patients and Customers
Communication Process
Sender
Message
Channel
Receiver
Feedback
Verbal Communication
Written Communication
Nonverbal Communication
Eye Contact
Facial Expressions
Hand Gestures
Grooming and Dress
Spatial Awareness
Tone of Voice
Posture
Physical Contact
Communication with Others
Methods of Communication
Telephones and Telephone Skills
Cell Phones
Fax Machines
Computers
E-mail
Networking through the Internet
Virtual Conferences
Voicemail and Text Messaging
Written Documentation
Types of Customers
Consumers
Physicians
Nurses
Pharmaceutical Representatives
Professionalism
Autonomy
Honesty
Attitude
Confidentiality
Faithfulness
Appearance
Sexual Harassment
Barriers to Communication
Environmental (Physical Impairment)
Patients with Special Circumstances
People Who Don’t Speak English
Hearing Impairment
Prejudice
Negative Communication
Defense Mechanisms
Regression
Projection
Repression
Rationalization
Compensation
Sublimation
Displacement
Apathy
Sarcasm
Denial
Dealing with Conflict
Eliminating Barriers to Communication
Time
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 5. Pharmaceutical Information and References
Sources of Drug Information
Physician’s Desk Reference
Drug Facts and Comparisons
Orange Book (Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations)
Drug Topics Red Book
United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF)
American Hospital Formulary Service Drug Information
Martindale’s “The Complete Drug Reference”
Pediatric and Neonatal Dosage Handbook
Pink Book (Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases)
Goodman & Gilman’s “The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics”
Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs
Remington’s “Pharmaceutical Sciences: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy”
Trissel’s “Handbook on Injectable Drugs”
Multi-Database Online Drug Resources
Pharmacy Journals, Magazines, and Bibliographic Databases
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 6. Prescriptions and Processing
The Prescription
Receiving the Prescription
Reading, Checking, and Computer Entry
Numbering and Dating
Labeling
Generic Names
Trade Names
Name of the Manufacturer
Control Numbers
National Drug Code
Preparing
Packaging
Final Verification
Patient Counseling
Recording and Filing
Pricing
Refilling
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 7. Dosage Forms and Routes of Administration
Drug Sources
Plant Sources
Animal Sources
Mineral Sources
Microbiological Sources
Synthetic or Semisynthetic Sources
Bio or Genetically Engineered Sources
Dosage Considerations
Dosage Strength
Form
Supply Dosage
Total Volume
Administration Route
Directions for Mixing and Reconstituting
Cautions
Dosage Forms of Drugs
Solid Drugs
Semisolid Drugs
Liquid Drugs
Gaseous Drugs
Routes of Drug Administration
Oral Route
Parenteral Route
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 8. Measurement Systems
Dimensional Analysis
The Metric System
Gram
Liter
Meter
Household Measurements
Apothecary System
Weight
Volume
Units of Measure Used for Medications
International Units
Milliunits
Milliequivalents
Converting Within and Between Systems
Conversion of Weights
Conversion of Liquids
Conversion of Length
Conversion of Temperatures
Conversion of Time
Applying Measurement Knowledge to Medications
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 9. Conversion and Calculations
Arabic Numbers and Roman Numerals
Basic math skills
Common Fractions
Decimals
Changing Common Fractions to Decimals
Ratios
Proportions
Percentages
Methods of Calculation
Basic Formula
Ratio/Proportion and Fractional Equation Methods
Dimensional Analysis
Calculation of Oral Medications
Measuring Tablets and Capsules
Measuring Oral Liquids
Other Units of Measure
Days’ Supply
Concentration and Dilution
Alligation
Calculation of Injectable Medications
Standardized Units of Drug Dosages
Intravenous Solutions and Calculations
Manually Calculating Drip Rates
Pediatric Dosage Calculations
Clark’s Rule
Young’s Rule
Fried’s Rule
West’s Nomogram
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Chapter 10. Safety in the Workplace
Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards
Hazard Communication Plan
Training of Employees
Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
Latex Allergy
Fire Safety and Emergency Plan
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Ergonomics
Exposure Control Plan
Immunizations
Exposure to Radiopharmaceuticals
Monitoring Injuries and Record Keeping
Standards and Regulations within the Pharmacy Profession
Safe Preparation of Medications
Safe Handling of Hazardous Materials
Spills and Cleanup
Universal Precautions
Hazardous Waste Management
Disposal of Hazardous Waste
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
Employee Responsibilities
Summary
Review Questions
Critical Thinking
Show more

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