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The Labor Relations Process

By William H. Holley, William H. Ross, Roger S. Wolters

11th Edition © 2017
Discipline:Management
Course:Human Resource Management
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As globally recognized arbitration experts, the authors of THE LABOR RELATIONS PROCESS bring nearly a century of combined experience with the labor movement, labor relations, and collective bargaining to this popular text. Packed with real-world examples and quotes from practitioners in the field, this 11th edition explores labor's history from inception to current and emerging trends, touching on government, white-collar, and international contexts for an unmatched perspective of the topics. Chapters include in-depth analyses of the relationship between management and labor, including key participants in the processes, and the rights and responsibilities of each. Labor agreements, collective bargaining, contract administration, arbitration, and other critical issues and processes highlight the complex, exciting nature of organized labor, and introduce your students to the many professional opportunities available to them today.

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About this product

As globally recognized arbitration experts, the authors of THE LABOR RELATIONS PROCESS bring nearly a century of combined experience with the labor movement, labor relations, and collective bargaining to this popular text. Packed with real-world examples and quotes from practitioners in the field, this 11th edition explores labor's history from inception to current and emerging trends, touching on government, white-collar, and international contexts for an unmatched perspective of the topics. Chapters include in-depth analyses of the relationship between management and labor, including key participants in the processes, and the rights and responsibilities of each. Labor agreements, collective bargaining, contract administration, arbitration, and other critical issues and processes highlight the complex, exciting nature of organized labor, and introduce your students to the many professional opportunities available to them today.

Assimilating Cases and Features: "Labor Relations in Action" boxed features and short, end-of-chapter cases give your students practice applying theories and concepts from the readings using concrete examples.

Modern, Web-Based Activities: "Exploring the Web" assignments encourage students to learn more about current labor relations through specific websites.

Skill-Building Exercises: Your students will work alone or in teams with "Classroom Exercises" throughout the text, which promote practical career skills, such as research, negotiation, analysis, verbal communication, and written communication.

Unique Public Sector Content: Unlike any competing text an entire chapter is devoted to Labor Relations in the Public Sector -- an increasingly prominent aspect of labor relations.

Table of contents

Chapters

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Part 1. Recognizing Rights and Responsibilities of Unions and Management
Part 2. The Bargaining Process and Outcomes
Part 3. Administering the Labor Agreement
Part 4. Applying the Labor Relations Process to Different Labor Relations Systems
Appendix A. Collective Bargaining Negotiations Exercise
Collective Bargaining Negotiation Scenario: Harper Container Company and the United Chemical and Plastics Workers Union

Part 1. Recognizing Rights and Responsibilities of Unions and Management

Chapter 1. Union–Management Relationships in Perspective
Preview this section ↗
Phases in the Labor Relations Process ↗
Elements in the Labor Relations Process ↗
Focal Point of Labor Relations: Work Rules ↗
Key Participants in the Labor Relations Process ↗
Three Basic Assumptions Underlying U.S. Labor Relations ↗
Constraints or Influences Affecting Participants’ Negotiation and Administration of Work Rules ↗
State of the Economy: National, Industrial, and Firm-Specific Indicators ↗
International Forces ↗
Public Opinion ↗
Union Membership ↗
Structural Changes in the Economy ↗
Changing Management Practices ↗
Changing Legal Environment ↗
Summary ↗
Key Terms ↗
Discussion Questions ↗
Exploring the Web. Labor Relations from Several Points of View ↗
Case Study 1-1. Was “a Troublemaker” Laid off for Sharing Wage Information? Or for Business Reasons? ↗
Case Study 1-2. Discharge for Whistleblower Activity ↗
Classroom Exercises ↗
Chapter 2. The History of Labor–Management Relations
1869 to World War I
Early Legal Developments Involving Labor–Management Relationships (1806–1931)
Civil Conspiracy Doctrine
Application of Antitrust Legislation to Labor Unions
Emergence of National Labor Organizations
The Knights of Labor (KOL)
Strategies to Accomplish the KOL’s Goals
Reasons for the KOL’s Failure and Demise
The Eight-Hour Workday Movement and the Haymarket Riot
Origin and Goals of the American Federation of Labor
Strategies and Tactics of the AFL
Organization of the AFL
The Homestead Incident
The Pullman Strike
The Industrial Workers of the World
World War I to World War II
Union Organizing after World War I: Problems and Prospects
Opposition from Employers
Labor’s Inability to Overcome Anti-Union Sentiment
Rise of the CIO and Industrial Unionism
Strong CIO Leadership
Realistic Goals
The Effective Use of Sit-Down Strikes
Passage of the National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act
Changes in Employees’ Attitudes
World War II to the Present
Developments in Organized Labor since World War II
New Collective Bargaining Issues
Increased Organization of Women, Minorities, Younger Age Employees, and Professionals in the Public-Sector and Private-Sector Service Industries
Merger of the AFL and CIO
Formation of the Change to Win Federation
Aspects of Organized Labor Unchanged since World War II
Unions and Politics
Difficulty in Achieving Consensus among Unions and among Members
Pursuit of Short-Range Economic and Job Security Goals Instead of Long-Range Reform
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Exploring the Web. History of the Labor Movement
Chapter 3. Legal Influences
Origin of Labor Relations Law
The Norris-La Guardia Act
The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933
The National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act of 1935
Section 7 Rights
Changes under the Labor–Management Relations (Taft–Hartley) Act
Labor–Management Reporting and Disclosure (Landrum–Griffin) Act
National Labor Relations Board
Employer and Employee Coverage under the LMRA, as Amended
Concerted and Protected Employee Activity
NLRB Unfair Labor Practice Procedure
Unfair Labor Practice Remedies
Assessment of the LMRA, as amended, and NLRB Administration
Transportation-Related Labor Relations Law (Railway and Airlines)
Assessment of the RLA
Deregulation Legislation in Railroads and Airlines
Promising Developments Regarding the RLA
Additional Laws That Affect Labor Relations
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Bankruptcy Act
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act of 1970
Employment Discrimination Laws and Executive Orders
Other Related Labor Relations Laws
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Exploring the Web. Labor Relations and the Law
Case Study 3-1. The Great Temperature Debate
Case Study 3-2. Independent Contractors? Or Employees?
Case Study 3-3. NLRB Jurisdiction over a Private Charter School
Case Study 3-4. Determination of Supervisory Status
Chapter 4. Unions and Management: Key Participants in the Labor Relations Process
Goals and Strategies: Management and Unions
Company Strategic Planning
Nonunion Companies’ Strategies
Unionized Companies’ Strategies
Union Strategic Planning
Company Organization for Labor Relations Activities
Union Governance and Structure
The Local Union
Differences between Local Craft and Industrial Unions
Government and Operation of the Local Union
The National or International Union
Leadership and Democracy
Profile of Union Leaders
Administration
Professional Staff Members
Services to and Control of Locals
Dues, Fees, and Distribution of Funds
Mergers of National Unions
Intermediate Organizational Units
Independent Unions
Employee Associations
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)
Organizational Structure
Union Corruption and the Landrum-Griffin Act
Union Security
Union Security Provisions
Closed Shop
Union Shop
Agency Shop
Contingency Union Shop
Union Hiring Hall
Preferential Treatment Clause
Dues Checkoff
Right-to-Work Laws: Controversy and Effects
Arguments for Right to Work Laws
Arguments for Abolishing Right-to-Work Laws
Recent U.S. Supreme Court Decision
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Exploring the Web. Labor Unions, Mergers, and Union Security
Case Study 4-1. Employee Rights under the Landrum–Griffin Act
Case Study 4-2. Financial Core Membership Rights under the Beck Decision
Chapter 5. Why and How Unions Are Organized
Why Unions Are Formed
Work and Job Conditions
Employees’ Backgrounds and Needs
Influences on Employees Votes for and against Unions
The Union’s Challenge of Organizing the Diverse Workforce
Organizing Professional Employees
Activities of the Union in Organizing Employees
Activities of the Company in Union Organizing
Unintended Consequences of Anti-union Behavior
Methods for Organizing Unions
Duties of the Exclusive Bargaining Agent and Employer
After Election Loss by the Union
Proposed Mandatory Secret Ballot Elections versus Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA)
Conduct of the Representation Election Campaign
Campaign Doctrines and NLRB Policies
Captive Audience—24-Hour Rule
Polling or Questioning Employees
Distribution of Union Literature and Solicitation by Employees on Company Property
Showing Films during Election Campaigns
Use of E-Mail, Internet, and Social Media
New Union Strategies
Removing a Labor Union
Summary
Key Terms
Discussion Questions
Exploring the Web.
Case Study 5-1. Are These Employees Engaged in a Protected Concerted Activity?
Case Study 5-2. Are the Employees Involved in Activities That Are Legal?
Case Study 5-3. Are the Field Supervisors “Supervisors” Under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)?
Case Study 5-4. Are These Employees’ Activities Legally Protected under the National Labor Relations Act?
Case Study 5-5. Did the Company Violate the Section 8(a)(1) of the LMRA When It Discharged the Employee?
Case Study 5-6. Bulletin Board Use
Case Study 5-7. Nonemployee Union Solicitation Activity
Case Study 5-8. Campaign Threats or Implied Promise of Benefit?
Case Study 5-9. The T-Shirt Offer and Picnic Photographs
Classroom Exercise

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