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Nursing Assistant: A Nursing Process Approach

By Barbara Acello, Barbara Hegner

12th Edition © 2022
Discipline:Health Care
Course:Basic Nursing Assistant Skills
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Acello/Hegner's NURSING ASSISTANT: A NURSING PROCESS APPROACH has prepared more nursing assistants for meaningful careers in acute care, long-term care and home health than any other text. Its signature step-by-step format walks readers through more than 150 procedures, including key skills in patient handling, wound care, communication, safety and record keeping, as well as special care procedures for patients with medical devices, catheters and physical or mental impairments. It explores essential background information, such as basic human anatomy, career planning and emerging trends. Reflecting the expanded scope of real-world practice, the 12th Edition includes skills such as checking finger stick blood glucose, managing drainage, sterile technique and more. New color photos and illustrations bring concepts to life, while study tools include a print workbook and MindTap digital learning solution.

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About this product

Acello/Hegner's NURSING ASSISTANT: A NURSING PROCESS APPROACH has prepared more nursing assistants for meaningful careers in acute care, long-term care and home health than any other text. Its signature step-by-step format walks readers through more than 150 procedures, including key skills in patient handling, wound care, communication, safety and record keeping, as well as special care procedures for patients with medical devices, catheters and physical or mental impairments. It explores essential background information, such as basic human anatomy, career planning and emerging trends. Reflecting the expanded scope of real-world practice, the 12th Edition includes skills such as checking finger stick blood glucose, managing drainage, sterile technique and more. New color photos and illustrations bring concepts to life, while study tools include a print workbook and MindTap digital learning solution.

Current Coverage: Information about common conditions and instructions for appropriate care have been updated throughout the text.

Safety Emphasis: A "Guidelines" feature in the readings point out considerations for specific care situations, while special "Alerts" spotlight urgent information on infection control, safety, culture, working with difficult patients, OSHA, communication, age-appropriate care and legal implications. In addition, Clinical Information boxes highlight special focus information for instructors and students to consider. These boxed features identify important information to review with students.

Flexible Coverage: Offering more skills and procedures than any competing text, the 12th edition prepares readers for careers in any area of nursing assisting, from acute and long-term care to home health and beyond. It also provides preparatory information for Patient Care Technicians (PCT), for exposing students to more advanced caregiver work in hospitals.

Ergonomic Procedures: A key focus on ergonomics includes OSHA algorithms for proper patient handling and movement to help readers avoid injuries to themselves and patients in their care.

Table of contents

Chapters

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Reviewers
How to Use This Textbook
Section 1. Introduction to Nursing Assisting
Section 2. Scientific Principles
Section 3. Basic Human Needs and Communication
Section 4. Infection and Infection Control
Section 5. Safety and Mobility
Section 6. Measuring and Recording Vital Signs, Height, and Weight
Section 7. Patient Care and Comfort Measures
Section 8. Principles of Nutrition and Fluid Balance
Section 9. Special Care Procedures
Section 10. Other Health Care Settings
Section 11. Body Systems, Common Disorders, and Related Care Procedures
Section 12. Expanded Role of the Nursing Assistant
Section 13. Recognizing and Responding to Basic Emergencies
Section 14. Moving Forward
Procedure 1: Handwashing
Procedure 2: Putting on a Mask
Procedure 3: Putting on a Gown
Procedure 4: Putting on Gloves
Procedure 5: Removing Contaminated Gloves
Procedure 6: Removing Contaminated Gloves, Eye Protection, Gown, and Mask
Procedure 7: Serving a Meal in an Isolation Unit
Procedure 8: Measuring Vital Signs in an Isolation Unit
Procedure 9: Transferring Nondisposable Equipment outside of the Isolation Unit
Procedure 10: Specimen Collection from a Patient in an Isolation Unit
Procedure 11: Caring for Linens in an Isolation Unit
Procedure 12: Transporting a Patient to and from the Isolation Unit
Procedure 13: Opening a Sterile Package
Procedure 14: Turning the Patient toward You
Procedure 15: Turning the Patient Away from You
Procedure 16: Moving a Patient to the Head of the Bed
Procedure 17: Logrolling the Patient
Procedure 18: Applying a Transfer Belt
Procedure 19: Transferring the Patient from Bed to Chair—One Assistant
Procedure 20: Transferring the Patient from Bed to Chair—Two Assistants
Procedure 21: Sliding-Board Transfer from Bed to Wheelchair
Procedure 22: Transferring the Patient from Chair to Bed—One Assistant
Procedure 23: Transferring the Patient from Chair to Bed—Two Assistants
Procedure 24: Transferring the Patient from Bed to Stretcher
Procedure 25: Transferring the Patient from Stretcher to Bed
Procedure 26: Transferring the Patient with a Mechanical Lift
Procedure 27: Transferring the Patient onto and off of the Toilet
Procedure 28: Assisting the Patient to Walk with a Cane and Three-Point Gait
Procedure 29: Assisting the Person to Walk with a Walker and Three-Point Gait
Procedure 30: Assisting the Falling Patient
Procedure 31: Measuring an Oral Temperature (Electronic Thermometer)
Procedure 32: Measuring a Rectal Temperature (Electronic Thermometer)
Procedure 33: Measuring an Axillary Temperature (Electronic Thermometer)
Procedure 34: Measuring a Tympanic Temperature
Procedure 35: Measuring a Temporal Artery Temperature
Procedure 36: Counting the Radial Pulse
Procedure 37: Counting the Apical–Radial Pulse
Procedure 38: Counting Respirations
Procedure 39: Using a Pulse Oximeter
Procedure 40: Taking Blood Pressure
Procedure 41: Taking Blood Pressure with an Electronic Blood Pressure Apparatus
Procedure 42: Weighing and Measuring the Patient Using an Upright Scale
Procedure 43: Weighing the Patient on a Chair Scale
Procedure 44: Measuring Weight with an Electronic Wheelchair Scale
Procedure 45: Measuring and Weighing the Patient in Bed
Procedure 46: Admitting the Patient
Procedure 47: Transferring the Patient
Procedure 48: Discharging the Patient
Procedure 49: Making a Closed Bed
Procedure 50: Making an Occupied Bed
Procedure 51: Assisting with the Tub Bath or Shower
Procedure 52: Bed Bath
Procedure 53: Changing the Patient’s Gown
Procedure 54: Waterless Bed Bath
Procedure 55: Partial Bath
Procedure 56: Female Perineal Care
Procedure 57: Male Perineal Care
Procedure 58: Hand and Fingernail Care
Procedure 59: Foot and Toenail Care
Procedure 60: Bed Shampoo
Procedure 61: Dressing and Undressing the Patient
Procedure 62: Assisting with Routine Oral Hygiene
Procedure 63: Assisting with Special Oral Hygiene— Dependent and Unconscious Patients
Procedure 64: Assisting the Patient to Floss and Brush Teeth
Procedure 65: Caring for Dentures
Procedure 66: Providing Backrubs
Procedure 67: Shaving a Male Patient
Procedure 68: Providing Daily Hair Care
Procedure 69: Giving and Receiving the Bedpan
Procedure 70: Giving and Receiving the Urinal
Procedure 71: Assisting with Use of the Bedside Commode
Procedure 72: Assisting the Patient Who Can Feed Self
Procedure 73: Feeding the Dependent Patient
Procedure 74: Abdominal Thrusts—Heimlich Maneuver
Procedure 75: Applying an Ice Bag or Gel Pack
Procedure 76: Applying a Disposable Cold Pack
Procedure 77: Giving a Sitz Bath
Procedure 78: Assisting the Patient to Deep Breathe and Cough
Procedure 79: Applying Elasticized Stockings
Procedure 80: Applying an Elastic Bandage
Procedure 81: Assisting the Patient to Dangle
Procedure 82: Giving Postmortem Care
Procedure 83: Applying and Removing Sterile Gloves
Procedure 84: Applying a Dry Sterile Dressing
Procedure 85: Changing a Clean Dressing and Applying a Bandage
Procedure 86: Collecting a Sputum Specimen
Procedure 87: Performing Range-Of-Motion Exercises (Passive)
Procedure 88: Obtaining a Fingerstick Blood Sugar
Procedure 89: Collecting a Stool Specimen
Procedure 90: Testing for Occult Blood Using Hemoccult and Developer
Procedure 91: Inserting a Rectal Suppository
Procedure 92: Giving a Soap-Solution Enema
Procedure 93: Giving a Commercially Prepared Enema
Procedure 94: Giving Routine Stoma Care (Colostomy)
Procedure 95: Giving Routine Care of an Ileostomy (with Patient in Bed)
Procedure 96: Collecting a Routine Urine Specimen
Procedure 97: Collecting a Clean-Catch Urine Specimen
Procedure 98: Collecting a 24-Hour Urine Specimen
Procedure 99: Collecting a Urine Specimen through a Drainage Port
Procedure 100: Routine Drainage Check
Procedure 101: Giving Indwelling Catheter Care
Procedure 102: Emptying a Urinary Drainage Unit
Procedure 103: Disconnecting the Catheter
Procedure 104: Connecting a Catheter to a Leg Bag
Procedure 105: Emptying a Leg Bag
Procedure 106: Removing an Indwelling Catheter
Procedure 107: Ultrasound Bladder Scan
Procedure 108: Changing a Diaper
Procedure 109: Weighing an Infant
Procedure 110: Measuring an Infant
Procedure 111: Bathing an Infant
Procedure 112: Bottle-Feeding an Infant
Procedure 113: Assisting with Breastfeeding
Procedure 114: Burping an Infant
Procedure 115: Admitting a Pediatric Patient
Procedure 116: Weighing the Toddler to Adolescent
Procedure 117: Changing Crib Linens
Procedure 118: Changing Crib Linens (Infant in Crib)
Procedure 119: Measuring Temperature
Procedure 120: Determining Heart Rate (Pulse)
Procedure 121: Counting Respiratory Rate
Procedure 122: Measuring Blood Pressure
Procedure 123: Collecting a Urine Specimen from An Infant
Show more

Section 1. Introduction to Nursing Assisting

Chapter 1. Community Health Care
Preview this section ↗
Introduction ↗
Functions of Health Care Facilities ↗
Overview of Health Care ↗
Needs of the Community ↗
Community Health Care Services ↗
Hospitals ↗
Transitions ↗
Hospital Organization ↗
Financing Health Care ↗
Government Programs for Health Care Payments ↗
Containing Costs ↗
Quality Assurance ↗
Regulatory Agencies ↗
Accreditation ↗
Surveys ↗
OSHA Surveys ↗
Magnet Hospitals ↗
Review ↗
Chapter 2. On the Job: Being a Nursing Assistant
The Interdisciplinary Health Care Team
The Nursing Team
The Registered Nurse
The Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse
The Nursing Assistant
Regulation of Nursing Assistant Practice
The Role and Responsibilities of the Nursing Assistant
Nurse Practice Act
Scope of Practice
Expanded Scope of Practice
Professionalism
Dress Code and Appearance
Personal Appearance
Uniform
Head Covering
Sunglasses
Jewelry, Earrings, and Body Piercings
Tattoos
Hairstyle
Facial Hair
Makeup
Fingernails
Evidence-Based Practice
Organization of Nursing Care
Primary Nursing
Functional Nursing
Team Nursing
Patient-Focused Care
Partners in Practice
Case Management
Progressive Patient Care
Palliative Care
Teamwork
Unit-Based Assignments
Lines of Authority
Organizational Chart
Delegation
Five Rights of Delegation
Delegated Activities
Communication
Assessment
Your Workday: Managing an Assignment
Critical Thinking
Art and Science
Applying the Nursing Process
Focus on Outcomes
Completing an Assignment
Organizing Your Time
Developing and Perfecting Time Management Skills
Making Rounds
Handoff Communication
Guidelines for the Nursing Assistant
Seeking Higher Authority
Personal Vocational Adjustments
Interpersonal Relationships
Attitude
Patient Relationships
Meeting the Patient’s Needs
Meeting the Family’s Needs
Staff Relationships
Personal Health and Hygiene
Reducing Stress
Change
Personal Stress Reduction
Review
Chapter 3. Consumer Rights and Responsibilities in Health Care
Consumer Rights
Patient Care Partnership
The Affordable Care Act Patient’s Bill of Rights
Responsibilities of Health Care Consumers
Role of the Ombudsman
Review
Chapter 4. Ethical and Legal Issues Affecting the Nursing Assistant
Legal and Ethical Standards
Ethics Questions
Respect for Life
Respect for the Individual
Patient Information
Tipping
Legal Issues
Negligence
Reckless Behavior
Malpractice
Theft
Defamation
False Imprisonment
Assault and Battery
Abuse
Abuse by Others
When Your Patience Is Stressed
Neglect
Invasion of Privacy
Sexual Harassment
Professional Boundaries
Ethical Behavior with Patients and Families
Consequences of Boundary Violations
Working in a Virtual World
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Social Media
Review

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