Front Cover.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
Contents.
Foreword.
Preface.
Introduction.
Foundations of American Environmental Thought and Action.
1: Biblical Views of Nature and Humanity.
2: Virgil’s Pastoral View of Nature (c. 50 B.C.E.).
3: Christopher Columbus Inventories the New World’s Natural Resources (1493).
4: Jean Ribaut Discovers the Natural Abundance of Terra Florida (1563).
5: Baltasar de Obregon’s Account of the Riches of New Mexico (1584).
6: Thomas Hariot on the Death of Indians from a Disease Brought from Europe (1588).
7: William Bradford on Life in the Wilderness (1620, 1621).
8: Francis Bacon on Science and Technology (1629).
9: Regulating the Herring Run in the Town of Plymouth (1637, 1638, 1639, 1662).
10: Predator Control and Game Hunting Regulation in Rhode Island Colony (1639, 1646).
11: Thomas Hobbes’s Social Contract Theory (1651).
12: Pollution in Plymouth Colony Harbor (1668).
13: William Penn Contracts to Set Aside Timbered Lands (1681).
14: John Locke on Property and Labor (1690).
15: John Ray on Gardens and Wilderness (1691).
16: Jonathan Edwards on God and Nature (1739).
17: Peter Kalm on Land Management (1753).
18: William Blackstone’s On the Rights of Things (1765-1769).
19: John Bartram on Reclaiming Florida’s Wetlands (1767).
Politicians, Naturalists, and Artists in the New Nation, 1776–1839.
20: Thomas Jefferson on Agrarianism and Industrialization (1785, 1816).
21: James Madison on Population and Property (1786, 1787/1788).
22: Philip Freneau’s Noble Savage (1788).
23: William Bartram on the Human Impact on the Environment (1791).
24: Benjamin Rush on Saving the Sugar Maple (1791).
25: The Founding Fathers on the Care of the Land (1793, 1818).
26: Thomas Malthus’s Essay on the Principle of Population (1798).
27: Meriwether Lewis on the Slaughter of Buffaloes (1804-1806).
28: Act Establishing the First Federal Forest Reserve (1817).
29: Act to Protect Useful Birds in Massachusetts (1818).
30: James Fenimore Cooper Laments the Disappearance of Unregulated Wilderness (1823).
31: George Catlin’s Proposal for a National Park (1832).
32: Black Hawk on the Indians and the Land (1833).
33: John James Audubon on the Senseless Destruction of Fish, Birds, and Quadrupeds (1833).
The Origins of Environmental Activism, 1840–1889.
34: Thomas Cole’s Lament of the Forest (1841).
35: John James Audubon on the Decimation of the Bison Herds (1843).
36: Ralph Waldo Emerson on Nature (1844, 1884).
37: William Cullen Bryant’s Proposal for a Great Municipal Park (1844).
38: Andrew Jackson Downing Talks about Public Parks and Gardens (1848).
39: Swamp and Overflow Act (1850).
40: The Shattuck Report’s Recommendations for Sanitary Improvement (1850).
41: Rebecca Harding Davis on Smoke and Soot in a Mill Town (1861).
42: Homestead Act (1862).
43: George Perkins Marsh’s Man and Nature (1864).
44: Henry David Thoreau on the Value of Living Things (1864).
45: Act Granting Yo-Semite Valley to California (1864).
46: The Citizens’ Association of New York on Sewage and Disease (1865).
47: John Muir on the Spirituality of Nature (1866).
48: Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux on Creating Parks to Serve the Public (1866, 1872).
49: Charles Darwin on the Similarity between Humans and Other Animals (1871).
50: Act Establishing Yellowstone National Park (1872).
51: Mining Act (1872).
52: Carl Schurz on the Need for Federal Forest Conservation (1877).
53: Henry George on Land Development (1879).
54: Act Establishing the Adirondack Forest Preserve Act (1885).
55: American Ornithologists’ Union’s Model Law (1886).
56: George Bird Grinnell and Celia Thaxter on the Audubon Society Cause (1886).
57: Constitution of the Boone and Crockett Club (1887).
58: John Wesley Powell on the Lands of the Arid Regions (1890).
The Roots of the Conservation Movement, 1890–1919.
59: Forest Reserve Act (1891).
60: Frederick J. Turner on the Disappearance of the Frontier (1894).
61: Rivers and Harbors Act (1899).
62: Theodore Roosevelt Addresses Congress on Forest Preservation and Land Reclamation (1901).
63: Reclamation Act (1902).
64: Upton Sinclair on the Adulteration of Processed Food (1906).
65: Ellen Swallow Richards on Sanitation and Human Ecology (1907).
66: Theodore Roosevelt on the Conservation and Use of Natural Resources (1907).
67: Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., on the Smoke Nuisance (1908).
68: John Muir, James Phelan, and the Battle over the Flooding of the Hetch Hetchy Valley (1908-1913).
69: Richard Ballinger on the Development of the West (1909).
70: Report of the National Conservation Commission (1909).
71: WJ McGee on Conservation (1909).
72: Jane Addams on Garbage (1910).
73: Gifford Pinchot on Conservation and the National Interest (1911).
Rethinking Our Relationship to Nature, 1920–1959.
74: Pennsylvania Coal Company v. Mahon et al. (1922).
75: Village of Euclid et al. v. Ambler Realty Company (1926).
76: Henry Beston on the Human Relationship with Nature (1928).
77: Franklin D. Roosevelt on the Destruction of America’s Forests (1930).
78: Stuart Chase on Waste in the Machine Age (1931).
79: Arthur Kallet and F. J. Schlink on the Dangers of Manufactured Products (1932).
80: Luther Standing Bear on Native Americans and the Rights of Other Living Things (1933).
81: Arthur Tansley on the Concept of the Ecosystem (1935).
82: H. V. Harlan and M. L. Martini on the Loss of Genetic Diversity (1936).
83: Lewis Mumford on Regional Planning (1938).
84: John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath (1939).
85: Marjory Stoneman Douglas on the Everglades (1947).
86: Roger Tory Peterson on Bird Population (1948).
87: Fairfield Osborn on the Interrelatedness of All Living Things (1948).
88: Aldo Leopold’s Land Ethic (1949).
89: Harry Truman’s Materials Policy Commission on Economic Growth and Resource Policy (1952).
90: Samuel H. Ordway, Jr., on Limits to Growth (1953).
91: J. Robert Oppenheimer on the Use of Science (1953).
92: Bernard Frank on Land Development and Water Availability (1955).
93: Clean Air Act (1955).
94: M. King Hubbert on Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Energy (1956).
95: John Kenneth Galbraith Asks, “How Much Should a Country Consume?” (1958).
96: David Brower Demands Support for the Wilderness Act (1959).
The Heyday of the Environmental Movement, 1960-1979.
97: The Surgeon General’s Report on Environmental Health (1960).
98: Lorus J. Milne and Margery Milne on the Balance of Nature (1961).
99: Murray Bookchin on the Synthetic Environment (1962).
100: Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962).
101: Stewart L. Udall on the Land Ethic (1963).
102: John F. Kennedy on the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963).
103: Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965).
104: California Land Conservation Act (1966) and Article XXVIII of the California Constitution (1967).
105: Kenneth E. Boulding on the Spaceship Economy (1966).
106: Lynn White, Jr., on Western Religions and the Environmental Crisis (1967).
107: Paul Ehrlich’s The Population Bomb (1968).
108: Garrett Hardin on Controlling Access to the Commons (1968).
109: John Teal and Mildred Teal on the Productivity of the Salt Marsh (1969).
110: Ian McHarg on the Fitness of Ecosystems (1969).
111: National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (1970).
112: Richard Nixon on the Need for Environmental Regulation (1970).
113: Clean Air Act Amendments (1970).
114: Dennis Puleston on the Founding of the Environmental Defense Fund (1971).
115: Barry Commoner on the Ecosphere (1971).
116: Clean Water Act (1972).
117: Christopher Stone Proposes Legal Rights for Natural Objects (1972).
118: Sierra Club v. Morton (1972).
119: Stockholm Declaration on the Human Environment (1972).
120: Endangered Species Act (1973).
121: Ernest Callenbach’s Ecotopia (1975).
122: Edward Abbey’s The Monkey Wrench Gang (1975).
123: Greenpeace’s Declaration of Interdependence (1976).
Confronting Economic and Social Realities, 1980–1999.
124: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (1980).
125: Mark Sagoff on the Public Interest (1981).
126: Lester R. Brown on Building a Sustainable Society (1981).
127: Julian L. Simon on Population Growth (1981).
128: Coastal Barrier Resources Act (1981).
129: Arne Naess on Deep Ecology (1982, 1984).
130: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1983).
131: Bernard Cohen on Nuclear Energy and Risk Assessment (1983).
132: Bob Graham on Restoring the Kissimmee River—Lake Okeechobee—Everglades Ecosystem (1983).
133: Edward O. Wilson on the Need for a Conservation Ethic (1984, 1998).
134: Jurgen Schmandt, Hilliard Roderick and Andrew Morriss on Acid Rain and Friendly Neighbors (1985).
135: Montreal Protocol on Substances Ozone That Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987).
136: United Church of Christ Commission for Racial Justice’s Report on Toxic Waste and Race (1987).
137: James Hansen Makes the Case for Climate Change (1988).
138: Dixy Lee Ray Asks, “Who Speaks for Science?” (1990).
139: Clean Air Act Amendments Create a Cap-and-Trade Mechanism to Reduce Acid Rain (1990).
140: Roger Smith on Industry and the Environment (1990).
141: California Air Resources Board Lowers its Vehicle Emissions Standards (1990, 1996).
142: John P. Holdren on Energy and Human Well-Being (1990).
143: Barry Lopez on a Sense of Place (1990).
144: Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992).
145: United Nations Convention (1992) and Protocol (1997) on Climate Change.
146: Donella Meadows on the Complexity of the Malthusian Debate (1993).
147: Carl Safina on the Decline of Fishes (1995).
148: Edward Tenner on Shifting Liability (1996).
149: The Business Roundtable Objects to the Kyoto Protocol (1998).
150: Jeremy Rifkin on Biotechnology and the Environment (1998).
Politicizing the Environmental Debate, 2000–2017.
151: Norman E. Borlaug on Biotechnology and Antiscience (2000).
152: Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Army Corps of Engineers et al. (2001).
153: Bjorn Lomborg Questions the Prioritization of Environmental Issues (2001).
154: Charles W. Schmidt on Electronic Waste (2002).
155: Mendocino County Ordinance Prohibiting the Propagation, Cultivation, Raising, and Growing of Genetically Modified Organisms (2004).
156: Michael Schallenberger and Ted Nordhaus Proclaim the Death of Environmentalism (2004).
157: Bruce Babbitt Proposes a New Approach to Federal Land-Use Planning (2005).
158: Myron Ebell on the Endangered Species Act and Private Property Rights (2005).
159: Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement (2005).
160: Al Gore on the Politicization of Global Warming (2006).
161: Oakland’s Zero Waste Resolution (2006).
162: New York City’s PlaNYC 2030 (2007).
163: Massachusetts et al. v. Environmental Protection Agency et al. (2007).
164: Jared Diamond on Consumption, Population, and Sustainability (2008).
165: Christine MacDonald on Sustainable Development and Corporate Policy (2008).
166: LEED and the Green Building Revolution (2008, 2010).
167: Jeff Biggers Questions the Concept of “Clean Coal” (2008).
168: Mark Bittman on the Environmental Impact of the American Diet (2009).
169: Mark Z. Jacobson and Mark A. Delucchi’s Plan for Carbon-Free Electricity by 2030 (2009).
170: John Wargo on Our Chemical Environment (2009).
171: Christopher B. Leinberger on Walkable Neighborhoods with Public Transportation (2010).
172: Donald Gilliland Reviews Josh Fox’s “Gasland” (2010).
173: Barack Obama Recommends a National Policy for Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes (2010).
174: The National Congress of American Indians and Bill McKibben et al. Oppose the Keystone XL Pipeline (2011).
175: Daniel Yergin on Global Energy Demand (2013).
176: Naomi Klein on Capitalism versus the Climate (2014).
177: Gil Gullickson on Agriculture and Climate Change (2014).
178: John R. Gillis on the Sand Crisis (2014).
179: Ben Minteer on Extinct Species and De-extinction.
180: The Ecomodernist Manifesto (2015).
181: The Union of Concerned Scientists Exposes Climate Deception (2015).
182: The EPA’S Clean Power Plan (2015).
183: Richard Manning on Agriculture Policy and Undrinkable Water (2016).
184: Elizabeth Kolbert on Global Warming (2016).
