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American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection, 1st Edition

Published By:

ABC-CLIO

ABC-CLIO serves the history profession, history teachers, and students and scholars of history with a complete line of award-winning databases, books, and eBooks, along with social studies reference and curriculum resources for middle and high school libraries and classrooms.
ISBN-10: 1851096825
ISBN-13: 9781851096824
DDC: 973.703
Grade Level Range: 9th Grade - College Senior
3189 Pages | eBook
Original Copyright 2014 | Published/Released January 2014
This publication's content originally published in print form: 2014

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About

Overview

The Civil War was undoubtedly the most important and seminal event in 19th-century American history. Students who understand the Civil War have a better grasp of the central dilemmas in the American historical narrative: states rights versus federalism, freedom versus slavery, the role of the military establishment, the extent of presidential powers, and individual rights versus collective rights. Many of these dilemmas continue to shape modern society and politics. This comprehensive work facilitates both detailed reading and quick referencing for readers from the high school level to senior scholars in the field.

The exhaustive coverage of this encyclopedia includes all significant battles and skirmishes; important figures, both civilian and military; weapons; government relations with Native Americans; and a plethora of social, political, cultural, military, and economic developments. The entries also address the many events that led to the conflict, the international diplomacy of the war, the rise of the Republican Party and the growing crisis and stalemate in American politics, slavery and its impact on the nation as a whole, the secession crisis, the emergence of the "total war" concept, and the complex challenges of the aftermath of the conflict.

Awards

RUSA's Outstanding Reference Sources 2012

Table of Contents

Front Cover.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
Dedication Page.
About the Editors.
Other Frontmatter: Part 1.
Other Frontmatter: Part 2.
Contents.
List of Entries.
List of Tables.
List of Maps.
Preface.
General Maps.
Introduction.
Overview of the Civil War.
1: Abbot, Henry Larcom.
2: Abbott, Henry Livermore.
3: Abercrombie, John Joseph.
4: Abolitionism and the Civil War.
5: Acoustic Shadow.
6: Adams, Charles Francis, Jr..
7: Adams, Charles Francis, Sr..
8: Adams, Daniel Weisiger.
9: Adams, Henry Brooks.
10: Adams, John.
11: Adams, William Wirt.
12: African Americans.
13: African American Sailors.
14: African American Soldiers, CSA.
15: African American Soldiers, U.S..
16: African American Suffrage.
17: Agriculture.
18: Alabama.
19: Alabama, CSS.
20: Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana, Confederate Department of.
21: Alabama Claims.
22: Alabama vs. Hatteras.
23: Albemarle, CSS.
24: Albemarle, CSS, Destruction of.
25: Albemarle Sound.
26: Albemarle Sound, Battle of.
27: Alcott, Louisa May.
28: Alden, James, Jr..
29: Aldie, Battle of.
30: Alexander, Edward Porter.
31: Alexandria, Louisiana, Destruction of.
32: Alexandria, Virginia.
33: Alger, Russell Alexander.
34: Allatoona, Battle of.
35: Allegheny Mountain, Battle of.
36: Allen, Henry Watkins.
37: Allen, Robert.
38: Allen, William Wirt.
39: Allen’s Farm, Virginia, Engagement at.
40: Alligator, U.S. Navy Submarine.
41: Alton Federal Military Prison.
42: Ambrotype.
43: Ambulance Corps.
44: Amelia Court House and Jetersville, Virginia, Engagement at.
45: American Anti-Slavery Society.
46: American Colonization Society.
47: American Flag Dispatch.
48: American Tract Society.
49: Ames, Adelbert.
50: Ammen, Daniel.
51: Ammen, Jacob.
52: Amnesty Proclamations, CSA.
53: Amnesty Proclamations, U.S..
54: Anaconda Plan.
55: Anderson, George Burgwyn.
56: Anderson, George Thomas.
57: Anderson, James Patton.
58: Anderson, Joseph Reid.
59: Anderson, Richard Heron.
60: Anderson, Robert.
61: Anderson, Robert Houstoun.
62: Anderson, William.
63: Andersonville Prison, Georgia.
64: Andrew, John Albion.
65: Andrews, George Leonard.
66: Andrews, James.
67: Andrews’ Raid.
68: Annals of the War.
69: Annapolis, Union Department of.
70: Anthony, Susan Brownell.
71: Antietam, Battle of.
72: Antietam Campaign.
73: Antiwar Sentiment in the Confederacy.
74: Antiwar Sentiment in the Union.
75: Apache Pass, Battle of.
76: Appomattox Campaign.
77: Appomattox Court House and Lee’s Surrender.
78: Archer, James Jay.
79: Arizona.
80: Arkansas.
81: Arkansas, CSS.
82: Arkansas, Union Department of.
83: Arkansas River.
84: Arlington, Virginia.
85: Armies of the Confederate States, Overview.
86: Armies of the United States, Overview.
87: Armistead, Lewis Addison.
88: Arms Manufacturing.
89: Armstrong, Frank Crawford.
90: Armstrong, James.
91: Armstrong, James F..
92: Armstrong Gun.
93: Army Organization, CSA.
94: Army Organization, U.S..
95: Artillery, Land, CSA.
96: Artillery, Land, U.S..
97: Artillery Practice, Land.
98: Artillery Projectiles, Land.
99: Artillery Projectiles, Sea.
100: Art in the Civil War.
101: Asboth, Alexander Sandor.
102: Ashby, Turner.
103: Ashley, James Mitchell.
104: Associated Press.
105: Atchison, David Rice.
106: Atlanta, Battle of.
107: Atlanta, Georgia.
108: Atlanta Campaign.
109: Atlantic, Military Division of the.
110: Atlantic Blockading Squadron.
111: Augur, Christopher Columbus.
112: Augusta Arsenal.
113: Augusta Powder Works.
114: Averasboro, Battle of.
115: Averell, William Woods.
116: Averell’s Raids.
117: Ayres, Romeyn Beck.
118: Babcock, Orville Elias.
119: Bachelder, John Badger.
120: Bagby, George William.
121: Bailey, Joseph.
122: Bailey, Theodorus.
123: Baird, Absalom.
124: Baker, Alpheus.
125: Baker, Edward Dickinson.
126: Baker, Lafayette Curry.
127: Baker, Laurence Simmons.
128: Bald Hill, Georgia, Engagement at.
129: Baldwin, John Brown.
130: Baldwin, William Edwin.
131: Balloons.
132: Ball’s Bluff, Battle of.
133: Baltimore, Maryland.
134: Baltimore & Ohio Railroad.
135: Baltimore Riot.
136: Banks, Nathaniel Prentice.
137: Barksdale, Ethelbert.
138: Barksdale, William.
139: Barlow, Francis Channing.
140: Barnard, George Norman.
141: Barnard, John Gross.
142: Barnes, Joseph K..
143: Barnwell, Robert Woodward.
144: Barringer, Rufus.
145: Barron, Samuel.
146: Barry, William Farquhar.
147: Bartlett, Joseph Jackson.
148: Bartlett, William Francis.
149: Barton, Clara Harlowe.
150: Barton, Seth Maxwell.
151: Bartow, Francis Stebbins.
152: Bate, William Brimage.
153: Bates, Edward.
154: Baton Rouge, Battle of.
155: Battle, Cullen Andrews.
156: “Battle Hymn of the Republic”.
157: Battles and Leaders of the Civil War.
158: Baxter Springs, Battle of.
159: Bayard, George Dashiell.
160: Baylor, John Robert.
161: Baylor’s Buffalo Hunt.
162: Bayonet.
163: Bayou Bourbeux, Battle of.
164: Bayou Lafourche, Battle of.
165: Beale, Richard Lee Turberville.
166: Beall, Lloyd James.
167: Beall, William Nelson Rector.
168: Bean’s Station, Battle of.
169: Beatty, Samuel.
170: Beauregard, Pierre Gustav Toutant.
171: Bedini, Gaetano.
172: Bee, Barnard Elliott.
173: Bee, Hamilton Prioleau.
174: Beecher, Henry Ward.
175: Belknap, William Worth.
176: Bell, John.
177: Bell, Tyree Harris.
178: Belle Isle Prison, Virginia.
179: Belmont, Battle of.
180: Benham, Henry Washington.
181: Benjamin, Judah Philip.
182: Bennett, James Gordon.
183: Bennett House.
184: Benning, Henry Lewis.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
1: Dabney, Robert Lewis.
2: Dahlgren, John Adolph Bernard.
3: Dahlgren, Ulric.
4: Dahlgren Guns.
5: Dakota Sioux.
6: Dakota Territory.
7: Dallas, Battle of.
8: Dalton, First Battle of.
9: Dana, Charles Anderson.
10: Dana, Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh.
11: Dana, Richard Henry, Jr..
12: Daniel, Junius.
13: Darbytown and New Market Roads, Battle of.
14: Daughters of the Regiment.
15: David-Class Torpedo Boats.
16: Davidson, Henry Brevard.
17: Davidson, Hunter.
18: Davies, Henry Eugene.
19: Davis, Charles Henry.
20: Davis, David.
21: Davis, George.
22: Davis, Henry Winter.
23: Davis, Jefferson Columbus.
24: Davis, Jefferson Finis.
25: Davis, Jefferson Finis, Capture of.
26: Davis, Joseph Robert.
27: Davis, Sam.
28: Davis, Varina Banks Howell.
29: Davis, William George Mackey.
30: Davis Bend, Mississippi.
31: Dawes, Henry Laurens.
32: Dayton, William Lewis.
33: Dearing, James.
34: Deas, Zachariah Cantey.
35: De Bow, James Dunwoody Brownson.
36: De Bow’s Review.
37: Debray, Xavier Blanchard.
38: Declaration of Paris.
39: Deep Bottom, First Battle of.
40: Deep Bottom, Second Battle of.
41: Deere, John.
42: Delafield, Richard.
43: De Lagnel, Julius Adolph.
44: Delaware.
45: De Leon, Edwin.
46: Democratic Party.
47: Dennis, Elias Smith.
48: Dennison, William, Jr..
49: Dent, Frederick Tracy.
50: Department No. 1, Confederate.
51: Department No. 2, Confederate.
52: Desertion.
53: Deshler, James.
54: De Trobriand, Philippe Régis Dénis de Keredern.
55: Devens, Charles, Jr..
56: Devil’s Den, Battle of.
57: Devin, Thomas Casimer.
58: Dewey, George.
59: Dibrell, George Gibbs.
60: Dickinson, Anna Elizabeth.
61: Dilger, Hubert Anton Casimir.
62: Dill, Benjamin Franklin.
63: Diplomacy, Confederate.
64: Diplomacy, U.S..
65: Discipline.
66: District Emancipation Act.
67: Divers, Bridget.
68: Dix, Dorothea Lynde.
69: Dix, John Adams.
70: Dixie.
71: Dockery, Thomas Pleasant.
72: Dodge, Grenville Mellen.
73: Doles, George Pierre.
74: Donelson, Daniel Smith.
75: Doubleday, Abner.
76: Douglas, Henry Kyd.
77: Douglas, Stephen Arnold.
78: Douglas Landing, Arkansas, Skirmish at.
79: Douglass, Frederick.
80: Dow, Neal.
81: Dowling, Richard William.
82: Draft Dodgers.
83: Dranesville, Battle of.
84: Drayton, Percival.
85: Drayton, Thomas Fenwick.
86: Dred Scott Case.
87: Drewry’s Bluff, First Battle of.
88: Drewry’s Bluff, Second Battle of.
89: Droop Mountain, Battle of.
90: DuBose, Dudley McIver.
91: Dudley, Thomas Haines.
92: Duffié, Alfred Napoléon Alexandre.
93: Duke, Basil Wilson.
94: Dumfries, Virginia, Stuart’s Raid on.
95: Duncan, Johnson Kelly.
96: Dunovant, John.
97: Du Pont, Samuel Francis.
98: Durant, Thomas Jefferson.
99: Duryée, Abram.
100: Duryée’s Zouaves.
101: Dwight, William.
102: Eads, James Buchanan.
103: Early, Jubal Anderson.
104: Early’s Raid on Washington, D.C..
105: East, Union Department of the.
106: East Gulf Blockading Squadron.
107: East Tennessee, Confederate Army and Department of.
108: Eaton, Amos Beebe.
109: Ebenezer Church, Alabama, Engagement at.
110: Echols, John.
111: Ector, Matthew Duncan.
112: Edmonds, Sarah Emma.
113: Edmondson, Isabella.
114: Education.
115: Edwards, Oliver.
116: Egan, Thomas Wilberforce.
117: Election of 1860, U.S..
118: Election of 1862, U.S..
119: Election of 1863, CSA.
120: Election of 1864, U.S..
121: Elizabeth City, Battle of.
122: Ellet, Alfred Washington.
123: Ellet, Charles, Jr..
124: Elliott, Stephen, Jr..
125: Elliott, Washington Lafayette.
126: Ellis, John Willis.
127: Ellsworth, Ephraim Elmer.
128: Ellsworth’s Zouaves.
129: Elmira Prison, New York.
130: Eltham’s Landing, Battle of.
131: Elzey, Arnold.
132: Emancipation Proclamation.
133: Emerson, Ralph Waldo.
134: Emmett, Daniel Decatur.
135: Emory, William Hemsley.
136: Enchantress Affair.
137: Engineers.
138: Enrolled Missouri Militia.
139: Ericsson, John.
140: Erlanger Loan.
141: Espionage in the Civil War.
142: Etheridge, Lorinda Anna Blair.
143: Evans, Augusta Jane.
144: Evans, Clement Anselm.
145: Evans, George Henry.
146: Evans, John.
147: Evans, Nathan George.
148: Evarts, William Maxwell.
149: Everett, Edward.
150: Ewell, Richard Stoddart.
151: Ewing, Hugh Boyle.
152: Ewing, Thomas, Jr..
153: Excelsior Brigade.
154: Ex Parte Merryman.
155: Ex Parte Milligan.
156: Ezra Church, Battle of.
157: Factory Labor.
158: Factory System.
159: Fagan, James Fleming.
160: Fairbanks, Erastus.
161: Fairfax Court House, Battle of.
162: Fair Garden, Tennessee, Engagement at.
163: Fair Oaks and Darbytown Road, Battle of.
164: Falling Waters, Battle of.
165: Farnsworth, Elon John.
166: Farragut, David Glasgow.
167: Fauntleroy, Charles Magill.
168: Fayetteville, North Carolina, Union Occupation of.
169: Fayetteville Arsenal, North Carolina.
170: Featherston, Winfield Scott.
171: Fenton, Reuben Eaton.
172: Ferguson, Champ.
173: Ferguson, Samuel Wragg.
174: Ferrero, Edward.
175: Ferry, Orris Sanford.
176: Fessenden, Francis.
177: Fessenden, James Deering.
178: Fessenden, William Pitt.
179: Field, Charles William.
180: Fifteenth Amendment.
181: 54th Massachusetts Regiment of Infantry.
182: Fighting McCooks.
183: Fillmore, Millard.
184: Film and the Civil War.
185: Financing, CSA.
186: Financing, U.S..
187: Finegan, Joseph.
188: Fingal, CSS.
189: Finley, Clement Alexander.
190: Finley, Jesse Johnson.
191: Fire-Eaters.
192: 1st Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment.
193: 1st New Jersey Brigade.
194: First Shot of the Civil War.
195: 1st Vermont Brigade.
196: Fish, Hamilton.
197: Fisher’s Hill, Battle of.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
1: Illinois.
2: Imboden, John Daniel.
3: Immigrants.
4: Imprints, Confederate.
5: Income Tax, Confederacy.
6: Income Tax, U.S..
7: Indiana.
8: Indian Brigade.
9: Indian Territory.
10: Industrial Revolution.
11: Industry.
12: Infantry Tactics.
13: Ingalls, Rufus.
14: Insignia and Equipment, Union and Confederate.
15: Invalid Corps.
16: Iowa.
17: Irish Americans.
18: Irish Bend and Fort Bisland, Louisiana, Engagements at.
19: Irish Brigade.
20: Iron and Steel Manufacture.
21: Iron Brigade of the West.
22: Ironclad Board.
23: Ironclad Oath.
24: Ironclads, Confederate.
25: Ironclads, Union.
26: Irwinville, Georgia.
27: Isherwood, Benjamin Franklin.
28: Island No. 10, Battle of.
29: Italian Americans.
30: Iuka, Battle of.
31: Iverson, Alfred, Jr..
32: Iverson, Alfred, Sr..
33: Ivy Mountain, Battle of.
34: Jackson, Alfred Eugene.
35: Jackson, Battle of.
36: Jackson, Claiborne Fox.
37: Jackson, Henry Rootes.
38: Jackson, John King.
39: Jackson, Mississippi, Siege of.
40: Jackson, Richard Henry.
41: Jackson, Thomas Jonathan.
42: Jackson, William Hicks.
43: Jackson, William Lowther.
44: Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign.
45: Jacksonville, Florida.
46: James, Union Army of the.
47: James, Union Military Division of the.
48: James River Pontoon Bridge Operation.
49: Jenkins, Albert Gallatin.
50: Jenkins, Micah.
51: Jenkins’ Ferry, Battle of.
52: Jews in the Civil War.
53: Joe Brown’s Pikes.
54: “John Brown’s Body”.
55: Johnson, Adam Rankin.
56: Johnson, Andrew.
57: Johnson, Bradley Tyler.
58: Johnson, Bushrod Rust.
59: Johnson, Edward.
60: Johnson, George Washington.
61: Johnson, Herschel Vespasian.
62: Johnson, Reverdy.
63: Johnson, Richard W..
64: Johnson’s Island Prison, Ohio.
65: Johnsonville, Tennessee, Forrest’s Raid on.
66: Johnston, Albert Sidney.
67: Johnston, George Doherty.
68: Johnston, Harriet Rebecca Lane.
69: Johnston, Joseph Eggleston.
70: Johnston, Robert Daniel.
71: Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War.
72: Jones, Catesby ap Roger.
73: Jones, Charles Colcock, Jr..
74: Jones, David Rumph.
75: Jones, John Beauchamp.
76: Jones, John Marshall.
77: Jones, John Robert.
78: Jones, Patrick Henry.
79: Jones, Samuel.
80: Jones, William Edmondson.
81: Jones and Imboden Raid into West Virginia.
82: Jonesboro, Battle of.
83: Jordan, Thomas.
84: Journalism.
85: Judah, Henry Moses.
86: Julian, George Washington.
87: Juneteenth.
88: Kanawha, Confederate Army of the.
89: Kane, Thomas Leiper.
90: Kansas.
91: Kansas, Union Army of.
92: Kansas, Union Department of.
93: Kansas-Nebraska Act.
94: Kautz, August Valentine.
95: Kean, Robert Garlick Hill.
96: Kearny, Philip.
97: Kearsarge, USS.
98: Kearsarge vs. Alabama.
99: Keene, Laura.
100: Keifer, Joseph Warren.
101: Keitt, Laurence Massillon.
102: Kell, John McIntosh.
103: Kelley, Benjamin Franklin.
104: Kelly, John Herbert.
105: Kelly’s Ford, Battle of.
106: Kemper, James Lawson.
107: Kenly, John Reese.
108: Kennedy, John Doby.
109: Kenner, Duncan Farrar.
110: Kennesaw Mountain, Battle of.
111: Kentucky.
112: Kentucky, Confederate Army of.
113: Kentucky, Union Army of.
114: Kentucky Campaign.
115: Kernstown, First Battle of.
116: Kernstown, Second Battle of.
117: Kershaw, Joseph Brevard.
118: Keyes, Erasmus Darwin.
119: Key West, Union Department of.
120: Kiernan, James Lawlor.
121: Kilpatrick, Hugh Judson.
122: Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid.
123: Kimball, Nathan.
124: King, John Haskell.
125: King, Rufus.
126: King, Thomas Starr.
127: King’s Tanyard, Battle of.
128: Kinston, First Battle of.
129: Kinston, Second Battle of.
130: Kirby, Edmund.
131: Kirkland, Richard.
132: Kirkland, William Whedbee.
133: Kirkwood, Samuel Jordan.
134: Knights of the Golden Circle.
135: Knipe, Joseph Farmer.
136: Know-Nothing Party.
137: Knoxville Campaign.
138: Krzyóanowski, Wladimir.
139: Kueffner, William Charles.
140: Ku Klux Klan.
141: Ladies’ Gunboat Societies.
142: Ladies’ Memorial Associations.
143: Laird Rams.
144: Lake Chicot, Battle of.
145: Lamar, Charles Augustus Lafayette.
146: Lamar, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus.
147: Lamon, Ward Hill.
148: LaMountain, John.
149: Lancashire, England.
150: Lane, James Henry (Confederate Officer).
151: Lane, James Henry (Union Officer).
152: Lane, Joseph.
153: Lane, Walter Paye.
154: Langston, John Mercer.
155: Lanier, Sidney.
156: Lauman, Jacob Gartner.
157: Laurel Hill, Virginia, Skirmish at.
158: Law, Evander McIvor.
159: Lawler, Michael Kelly.
160: Lawrence, Kansas, Raid on.
161: Lawton, Alexander Robert.
162: Leadbetter, Danville.
163: Lecompton Constitution.
164: Ledlie, James Hewett.
165: Lee, Albert Lindley.
166: Lee, Edwin Gray.
167: Lee, Fitzhugh.
168: Lee, George Washington Custis.
169: Lee, Robert Edward.
170: Lee, Samuel Phillips.
171: Lee, Stephen Dill.
172: Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh.
173: Leech & Rigdon.
174: Lee’s Farewell Speech.
175: Lee’s Lost Order.
176: Legal Tender Acts.
177: Leggett, Mortimer Dormer.
178: Lemmon v. People of the State of New York.
179: Leslie, Frank.
180: Letcher, John.
181: Letters of Marque and Reprisal.
182: Leventhorpe, Collett.
183: Lewis, Joseph Horace.
184: Lewis, William Gaston.
185: Lexington, Missouri, Battle of.
186: Lexington, Tennessee, Battle of.
187: Lexington, Virginia.
188: Libby Prison, Virginia.
189: Liddell, St. John Richardson.
190: Lieber, Franz.
191: Lightburn, Joseph Andrew Jackson.
192: Light Division.
193: Lilley, Robert Doak.
194: Lincoln, Abraham.
195: Lincoln, Mary Ann Todd.
196: Lincoln, Robert Todd.
197: Lincoln Assassination.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
1: Oak Grove, Battle of.
2: Odell, Moses Fowler.
3: Offensive-Defensive Strategy.
4: Oglesby, Richard James.
5: Ohio.
6: Ohio, Union Army of the.
7: Ohio, Union Department of the.
8: Ohio Penitentiary.
9: Okolona, Battle of.
10: Old Abe.
11: Old Capitol Prison.
12: Olden, Charles Smith.
13: Olmsted, Frederick Law.
14: Olustee, Battle of.
15: O’Neal, Edward Asbury.
16: Opdycke, Samuel Emerson.
17: Orange & Alexandria Railroad.
18: Orchard Knob, Battle of.
19: Ord, Edward Otho Cresap.
20: Order of American Knights.
21: Oregon.
22: Orme, William Ward.
23: Orphan Brigade.
24: Orr, James Lawrence.
25: Ostend Manifesto.
26: Osterhaus, Peter Joseph.
27: O’Sullivan, Timothy.
28: Ould, Robert.
29: Overland Campaign.
30: Pacific, Union Department of the.
31: Paducah, Battle of.
32: Page, Charles Anderson.
33: Page, Richard Lucian.
34: Paine, Charles Jackson.
35: Paine, Halbert Eleazer.
36: Palmer, Innis Newton.
37: Palmer, James Shedden.
38: Palmer, John McAuley.
39: Palmer, Joseph Benjamin.
40: Palmer, William Jackson.
41: Palmetto Armory.
42: Palmito Ranch, Battle of.
43: Parke, John Grubb.
44: Parker, Ely Samuel.
45: Parker, Foxhall Alexander, Jr..
46: Parker, Joel.
47: Parker, Theodore.
48: Parker, William Harwar.
49: Parker’s Cross Roads, Battle of.
50: Paroles, Prisoner.
51: Parrott, Robert Parker.
52: Parrott Gun.
53: Parsons, Emily Elizabeth.
54: Parsons, Lewis Baldwin.
55: Parsons, Mosby Monroe.
56: Partisan Rangers.
57: Patrick, Marsena Rudolph.
58: Patterson, Robert.
59: Pattersonville, Louisiana, Engagement at.
60: Paul, Gabriel René.
61: Paulding, Hiram.
62: Paxton, Elisha Franklin.
63: Pay, Confederate Army and Navy.
64: Pay, U.S. Army and Navy.
65: Payne, William Henry Fitzhugh.
66: Peabody, George.
67: Peace Movements.
68: Peachtree Creek, Battle of.
69: Pea Ridge, Battle of.
70: Pearson, Richmond Mumford.
71: Peck, John James.
72: Peck, William Raine.
73: Peebles’ Farm, Battle of.
74: Pegg, Thomas.
75: Pegram, John.
76: Pelham, John.
77: Pember, Phoebe Yates Levy.
78: Pemberton, John Clifford.
79: Pender, William Dorsey.
80: Pendleton, Alexander Swift.
81: Pendleton, George Hunt.
82: Pendleton, William Nelson.
83: Peninsula, Confederate Army of the.
84: Peninsula, Confederate Department of the.
85: Peninsula Campaign.
86: Pennington, William.
87: Pennsylvania.
88: Pennsylvania, Union Department of.
89: Pennsylvania Bucktails.
90: Pennypacker, Galusha.
91: Penny Press.
92: Penrose, William Henry.
93: Pensacola, Florida, Union Occupation of.
94: Pensions.
95: Perrin, Abner Moore.
96: Perry, Edward Aylesworth.
97: Perry, Madison Starke.
98: Perry, William Flank.
99: Perryville, Battle of.
100: Personal Liberty Laws.
101: Petersburg, Third Battle of.
102: Petersburg Campaign.
103: Petigru, James Louis.
104: Pettigrew, James Johnston.
105: Pettus, Edmund Winston.
106: Pettus, John Jones.
107: Phelan, James.
108: Phelps, John Smith.
109: Phelps, John Wolcott.
110: Phelps, Seth Ledyard.
111: Phelps’s Raid up the Tennessee River.
112: Philadelphia Brigade.
113: Philippi, Battle of.
114: Philippoteaux, Paul Dominique.
115: Phillips, Eugenia Levy.
116: Phillips, Wendell.
117: Phillips, William Addison.
118: Phillips’ Legion.
119: The Photographic History of the Civil War.
120: Photography and the Civil War.
121: Pickens, Francis Wilkinson.
122: Picket.
123: Pickett, George Edward.
124: Pickett Papers.
125: Piedmont, Battle of.
126: Pierce, Franklin.
127: Pierpont, Francis Harrison.
128: Pigott, Emmeline Jamison.
129: Pike, Albert.
130: Pillow, Gideon Johnson.
131: Pilot Knob, Battle of.
132: Pinkerton, Allan.
133: Pioneers.
134: Pleasant Hill, Battle of.
135: Pleasants, Henry.
136: Pleasonton, Alfred.
137: Plum Point Bend, Battle of.
138: Plymouth, Battle of.
139: Poe, Orlando Metcalfe.
140: Point Lookout Prison, Maryland.
141: Poison Spring, Battle of.
142: Polignac, Camille Armand Jules Marie, Prince de.
143: Political Cartoons.
144: Polk, Leonidas.
145: Polk, Lucius Eugene.
146: Pollard, Edward Alfred.
147: Pomeroy, Samuel Clarke.
148: Pomeroy Circular.
149: Pontoon Bridge.
150: Pope, John.
151: Popular Sovereignty.
152: Porter, David Dixon.
153: Porter, Fitz John.
154: Porter, John Luke.
155: Porter, William David.
156: Port Gibson, Battle of.
157: Port Hudson, Louisiana, Action at.
158: Port Hudson, Louisiana, Siege of.
159: Port Republic, Battle of.
160: Port Royal Sound, Battle of.
161: Posey, Carnot.
162: Potomac, Union Army of the.
163: Potomac, Union Department of the.
164: Potomac, Union Military Division of the.
165: Potter, Robert Brown.
166: Powell, Lewis Thornton.
167: Powell, William Henry.
168: Prairie Grove, Battle of.
169: “The Prayer of the Twenty Millions”.
170: Preble, George Henry.
171: Prentiss, Benjamin Mayberry.
172: President’s General War Order No. 1.
173: Preston, John Smith.
174: Preston, William.
175: Price, Sterling.
176: Price’s Missouri Raid.
177: Prigg v. Pennsylvania.
178: Prince, Henry.
179: Prisoner Exchanges.
180: Prisoners of War.
181: Prisons, Confederate.
182: Prisons, U.S..
183: Privateers.
184: Prize Cases.
185: Protectionism.
186: Protestant Revivals.
187: Provisional Army of the Confederate States.
188: Pryor, Roger Atkinson.
189: Quaker Guns.
190: Quakers.
191: Quantrill, William Clarke.
192: Quarles, William Andrew.
193: Quinby, Isaac Ferdinand.
194: Racism and Racial Prejudice.
195: Radford, William.
196: Radical Republicans.
197: Railroads, CSA.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
1: Tactics.
2: Taliaferro, William Booth.
3: Taney, Roger Brooke.
4: Tappan, James Camp.
5: Taps.
6: Tariffs.
7: Tattnall, Josiah.
8: Tax-in-Kind.
9: Taylor, Benjamin Franklin.
10: Taylor, Joseph Pannell.
11: Taylor, Richard.
12: Taylor, Susie Baker King.
13: Taylor, Thomas Hart.
14: Taylor’s Ridge, Battle of.
15: Tebe, Marie.
16: Tecumseh, USS.
17: Telegraph.
18: Temperance Movement.
19: Temple, Henry John.
20: Tennessee.
21: Tennessee, Confederate Army of.
22: Tennessee, Confederate Department of.
23: Tennessee, CSS.
24: Tennessee, Union Army of the.
25: Tennessee, Union Department of the.
26: Tennessee, Union Military Division of the.
27: Tennessee and Georgia, Confederate Department of.
28: Terrell’s Texas Cavalry.
29: Terrill, James Barbour.
30: Terry, Alfred Howe.
31: Terry, Henry Dwight.
32: Terry, William.
33: Terry, William Richard.
34: Terry’s Texas Rangers.
35: Texas.
36: Texas, Confederate Department of.
37: Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, Confederate District of.
38: Texas, Union Department of.
39: Texas Rangers.
40: Textile Manufacturing.
41: Thanks of Congress, U.S. and CSA.
42: Thatcher, Henry Knox.
43: Thayer, John Milton.
44: Thirteenth Amendment.
45: Thomas, Allen.
46: Thomas, Bryan Morel.
47: Thomas, Edward Lloyd, Jr..
48: Thomas, George Henry.
49: Thomas, Lorenzo.
50: Thomas, William Holland.
51: Thompson, Jacob.
52: Thompson, Meriwether Jefferson.
53: Thompson’s Station, Tennessee, Engagement at.
54: Thoreau, Henry David.
55: Thornwell, James Henley.
56: 3-Inch Ordnance Rifle.
57: Tibbits, William Badger.
58: Tidball, John Caldwell.
59: Tilden, Samuel Jones.
60: Tilghman, Lloyd.
61: Tillson, Davis.
62: Timberclads.
63: Timrod, Henry.
64: Tinclads.
65: Tod, David.
66: Todd, George.
67: Todd’s Tavern, Battle of.
68: Tompkins, Charles Henry.
69: Tompkins, Sally Louisa.
70: Tom’s Brook, Battle of.
71: Toombs, Robert Augustus.
72: Toon, Thomas Frentress.
73: Torbert, Alfred Thomas Archimedes.
74: Torpedoes.
75: Totopotomoy Creek, Battle of.
76: Totten, Joseph Gilbert.
77: Tower, Zealous Bates.
78: Town Creek, Battle of.
79: Townsend, George Alfred.
80: Tracy, Edward Door.
81: Trans-Allegheny Department, Confederate.
82: Trans-Mississippi, Confederate Department and Army of the.
83: Trans-Mississippi District, Confederate.
84: Trans-Mississippi Theater.
85: Trapier, James Heyward.
86: Treatise on Grand Military Operations.
87: Tredegar Iron Works.
88: Trenholm, George Alfred.
89: Trent Affair.
90: Trent’s Reach, Battle of.
91: Trevilian Station, Battle of.
92: Trimble, Isaac Ridgeway.
93: Trumbull, Lyman.
94: Truth, Sojourner.
95: Tubman, Harriet.
96: Tucker, John Randolph.
97: Tucker, William Feimster.
98: Tullahoma Campaign.
99: Tupelo, Battle of.
100: Turchin, John Basil.
101: Turchin, Nadine Lvova.
102: Turner, John Wesley.
103: Turner, Nat.
104: Tuttle, James Madison.
105: Tweed, William Magear.
106: 12th New Jersey Infantry Regiment.
107: 20th Maine Infantry Regiment.
108: Twenty-Negro Law.
109: Twiggs, David Emanuel.
110: Tyler, John.
111: Tyler, Robert Charles.
112: Tyler, Robert Ogden.
113: Ullmann, Daniel.
114: Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
115: Underground Railroad.
116: Underwood, Adin Ballou.
117: Uniforms, Confederate Army and Navy.
118: Uniforms, U.S. Army and Navy.
119: Union League of America.
120: Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon.
121: United Confederate Veterans.
122: United Daughters of the Confederacy.
123: United States Christian Commission.
124: United States Colored Troops.
125: United States Lighthouse Service.
126: United States Military Academy, West Point.
127: United States Revenue Cutter Service.
128: Upton, Emory.
129: Urbanna Plan.
130: Usher, John Palmer.
131: Utah, Union Department of.
132: Utah Territory.
133: Utoy Creek, Battle of.
134: Vache Island, Haiti.
135: Vallandigham, Clement Laird.
136: Valley District, Confederate.
137: Val Verde, Battle of.
138: Van Brunt, Gershom Jaques.
139: Vance, Robert Brank.
140: Vance, Zebulon Baird.
141: Van Cleve, Horatio Phillips.
142: Vanderbilt, Cornelius.
143: Van Dorn, Earl.
144: Van Lew, Elizabeth.
145: Vaughan, Alfred Jefferson, Jr..
146: Vaughn, John Crawford.
147: Vaught’s Hill, Battle of.
148: Veatch, James Clifford.
149: Velazquez, Loreta Janeta.
150: Vermont.
151: Verot, Jean Pierre Augustin Marcellin.
152: Veteran Reserve Corps.
153: Veterans’ Organizations.
154: Veteran Volunteer Corps.
155: Vicksburg, Confederate Army of.
156: Vicksburg, Mississippi, Farragut’s Passage of.
157: Vicksburg, Mississippi, Porter’s Passage of.
158: Vicksburg Campaign, First.
159: Vicksburg Campaign, Second.
160: Victor, Orville James.
161: Villard, Henry.
162: Villepigue, John Bordenave.
163: Vincent, Strong.
164: Vining’s Station, Georgia, Engagement at.
165: Virginia.
166: Virginia, CSS.
167: Virginia, Union Army of.
168: Virginia, Union Department of.
169: Virginia and North Carolina, Union Department of.
170: Virginia & Tennessee Railroad.
171: Virginia Military Institute.
172: Vizetelly, Frank.
173: Vogdes, Israel.
174: Volunteers.
175: Von Borcke, Johan August Heinrich Heros.
176: Von Steinwehr, Adolf Wilhelm August Friedrich.
177: Waddell, James Iredell.
178: Wade, Benjamin Franklin.
179: Wade-Davis Bill.
180: Wadley, William Morrill.
181: Wadsworth, James Samuel.
182: Wagner, George Day.
183: Wakeman, Sarah Rosetta.
184: Walcutt, Charles Carroll.
185: Walke, Henry.
186: Walker, Henry Harrison.
187: Walker, James Alexander.
188: Walker, John George.
189: Walker, Leroy Pope.
190: Walker, Lucius Marshall.
191: Walker, Mary Edwards.
192: Walker, Reuben Lindsay.
193: Walker, Robert John.
194: Walker, William Henry Talbot.
195: Walker, William Sparhawk.
196: Walker, William Stephen.
197: Wallace, Lewis.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
List of Documents.
Documents.
Fugitive Slave Acts (1793, 1850).
Missouri Compromise (March 3, 1820) [Excerpts].
Monroe Doctrine (December 2, 1823) [Excerpts].
Act Creating a Commissioner of Indian Affairs (July 9, 1832).
Daniel Webster: Address before Congress (March 7, 1850).
Frederick Douglass: “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” (July 5, 1852).
Harriet Beecher Stowe: Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) [Excerpt].
Kansas-Nebraska Act (May 30, 1854).
Charles Sumner: Speech to the U.S. Senate (May 19, 1856) [Excerpts].
Scott v. Sanford (1857) [Excerpts].
Lecompton Constitution (September 1857).
James H. Hammond: Speech to the Senate (March 4, 1858) [Excerpt].
Abraham Lincoln: House Divided Speech (June 16, 1858).
Stephen A. Douglas: Freeport Doctrine (August 27, 1858).
John Brown: Final Address to the Court (November 2, 1859).
Constitutional Union Party Platform (1860).
Daniel Decatur Emmett: “Dixie” (1860).
South Carolina Ordinance of Secession (December 20, 1860).
Varina Davis: Jefferson Davis: Ex-President of the Confederate States of America (Published 1890) [Excerpt].
Jefferson Davis: Inaugural Address (February 18, 1861).
Editorial: “The Declaration of War,” Richmond Enquirer (March 5, 1861).
Confederate Constitution (March 11, 1861).
Lincoln’s Cabinet Decision Regarding Resupply of Federal Forts (March 29, 1861).
William H. Seward: Letter to Lincoln (April 1, 1861).
Abraham Lincoln: Proclamation Calling Militia into National Service (April 15, 1861).
Roger Jones: Union Correspondence Relating to Harpers Ferry (April 18 and 20, 1861).
Abraham Lincoln: Proclamation Declaring a Blockade of Southern Ports (April 19, 1861).
Robert E. Lee: Resignation from the U.S. Army (April 20, 1861).
Roger B. Taney: Ex Parte Merryman (1861) [Excerpts].
Jefferson Davis: Response to Lincoln Calling Out Militia (April 29, 1861).
Richard H. Weightman: Report to President Jefferson Davis (May 20, 1861) [Excerpts].
Joseph Henry: Letter Regarding Lowe’s Balloon (June 21, 1861).
Abraham Lincoln: Address to Congress (July 4, 1861) [Excerpts].
Ulysses S. Grant: Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant (Events of July 1861) [Excerpt].
Edward Porter Alexander: Memoir Excerpt about the First Battle of Bull Run (July 21, 1861).
Irvin McDowell: Reports on the First Battle of Bull Run (July 21, 1861).
Alfred Waud: Drawing of the First Battle of Bull Run (July 21, 1861).
George B. McClellan: Letter to His Wife (July 27, 1861) [Excerpts].
Rose Greenhow: Intelligence Reports (July 31–August 9, 1861).
John C. Frémont: Proclamation Freeing Slaves of Missouri (August 30, 1861).
Henry S. Olcott: Essay on Army Supply Fraud and the Poem “Song of the Shoddy” (September 21, 1861).
Louis M. Goldsborough: Letter Warning about CSS Virginia (October 17, 1861).
Charles Stone: Orders for the Battle of Balls Bluff (October 20 and 25, 1861).
Julia Ward Howe: “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” (1861).
Abraham Lincoln: Letter to Henry Halleck Regarding the Writ of Habeas Corpus (December 2, 1861).
Harry McCarthy: “The Bonnie Blue Flag” (1861).
Charles F. Adams: Letter to Seward (January 10, 1862).
Ulysses S. Grant: Demand for Surrender (February 16, 1862).
Union Correspondence Regarding the Monitor versus the Virginia (March–May 1862).
Jefferson Davis: “To the House of Representatives” (March 25, 1862).
Albert Sidney Johnston and Jefferson Davis: Correspondence before the Battle of Shiloh (April 3 and 4, 1862).
Albert Sidney J