Front Cover.
Half Title Page.
Title Page.
Copyright Page.
Contents.
Introduction.
1: Overview: From African Roots to World War II.
2: The Early History of Blacks in the Americas.
3: Slavery in the United States.
4: Free African Americans and Abolitionism.
5: Benjamin Banneker: Reflections of a Free Black Man.
6: The Civil War Era.
7: Reconstruction and After.
8: American Colonization Society.
9: The Age of Booker T. Washington.
10: New York Draft Riot of 1863.
11: Sarah Breedlove Walker.
12: The Impact of World War I and African American Migration to the North.
13: The Garvey Movement and the Harlem Renaissance.
14: African American Life During the Great Depression and the New Deal.
15: African Roots: Cultures and Kingdoms.
16: Traditional Culture of the Western Sudan.
17: Social Organization.
18: Belief Systems.
19: Traditional Culture of the Guinea Coast.
20: The Environment and the People.
21: Historical Background of Trade and Politics.
22: Kingdoms and Chiefdoms of Guinea.
23: Kin Groups and Other Associations.
24: Belief Systems.
25: Kingdoms, Empires, and Centres.
26: Ghana.
27: Kanem-Bornu.
28: Katsina.
29: Mali.
30: Wolof Empire.
31: Timbuktu.
32: Hausa States.
33: Songhai Empire.
34: Kingdom of Bagirmi.
35: Gorée Island.
36: Oyo Empire.
37: Djenné.
38: Asante Empire.
39: Kazembe.
40: Fulani Empire.
41: Lunda Empire.
42: Luba-Lunda States.
43: Kasanje.
44: Matamba.
45: Ndongo.
46: Kongo.
47: Summary.
48: African Roots: Art.
49: African Visual Art: General Characteristics, Style, Tribe, and Ethnic Identity.
50: Representative Western African Traditions in Visual Art.
51: Fon.
52: Ife and Yoruba.
53: Igbo.
54: Fulani.
55: Nupe.
56: Oral Traditions.
57: The Nature of Storytelling.
58: Griot.
59: The Riddle.
60: The Lyric.
61: The Proverb.
62: The Tale.
63: Heroic Poetry.
64: The Epic.
65: Praise Song.
66: Race and Racism.
67: The Many Meanings of “Race”.
68: “Race” as Mechanism of Social Division in North America.
69: The Difference between Racism and Ethnocentrism.
70: The History of the Idea of Race.
71: The Problem of Labour in the New World.
72: The Enslavement and Racialization of Africans.
73: Human Rights versus Property Rights.
74: Building the Myth of Black Inferiority.
75: Enlightenment Philosophers and Systematists.
76: Scientific Classifications of Race.
77: The Institutionalizing of Race.
78: Transforming “Race” into “Species”.
79: The False Assumptions of Anthropometry.
80: The Influence of Franz Boas.
81: Mendelian Heredity and the Development of Blood Group Systems.
82: “Race” and Intelligence.
83: European Constructions of Race and Their Legacy in America.
84: The Germanic Myth and English Constructions of an Anglo-Saxon Past.
85: Gobineau's Essay on the Inequality of Human Races.
86: Galton and Spencer.
87: Conquest and the Classification of the Conquered.
88: “Race” and the Reality of Human Physical Variation.
89: Modern Scientific Explanations of Human Biological Variation.
90: The Scientific Debate over “Race”.
91: Summary.
92: Slavery, Abolitionism, and Reconstruction.
93: Slavery.
94: Origins of Slavery in the United States.
95: The Law and Nature of American Slavery.
96: Slave Protest.
97: Fugitive Slave Acts.
98: Slave Revolts.
99: Underground Railroad.
100: Abolitionism.
101: The Liberator.
102: Dred Scott Decision.
103: Reconstruction.
104: Abraham Lincoln's Letter Extolling Emancipation as a Military Measure.
105: Freedmen's Bureau.
106: Law and Society.
107: Oppression and Oppressors.
108: Black Codes.
109: Memphis Race Riot.
110: New Orleans Race Riot.
111: Ku Klux Klan.
112: Lynching.
113: Jim Crow Laws.
114: Grandfather Clause.
115: Plessy v. Ferguson.
116: Brownsville Affair.
117: Springfield Race Riot.
118: East Saint Louis Race Riot of 1917.
119: Chicago Race Riot of 1919.
120: Scottsboro Case.
121: Summary.
122: Organizing and Organizations.
123: Union League.
124: American Equal Rights Association (AERA).
125: Atlanta Compromise.
126: National Association of Colored Women (NACW).
127: Niagara Movement.
128: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
129: National Urban League.
130: Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
131: National Council of Negro Women (NCNW).
132: Summary.
133: Primary Sources.
134: John E. Bruce: African American Plea for Organized Resistance to White Men.
135: Frederick Douglass: The Color Line in America.
136: W.E.B. Du Bois: What African Americans Want.
137: Henry B. Brown and John Marshall Harlan: Plessy v. Ferguson.
138: Booker T. Washington: The Road to African American Progress.
139: Ida B. Wells-Barnett: Lynching and the Excuse for It.
140: Religion.
141: African Methodist Episcopal Church.
142: African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.
143: American Missionary Association (AMA).
144: Christian Methodist Episcopal Church.
145: National Baptist Convention, U.S.A., Inc..
146: Church of God and Saints of Christ.
147: National Primitive Baptist Convention, Inc..
148: Moorish Science Temple of America.
149: National Baptist Convention of the United States of America, Inc..
150: Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God.
151: Peace Mission.
152: Summary.
153: Education.
154: Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University.
155: Alabama State University.
156: Alcorn State University.
157: Chicago State University.
158: Delaware State University.
159: University of the District of Columbia.
160: Fisk University.
161: Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University.
162: Grambling State University.
163: Hampton University.
164: Howard University.
165: Kentucky State University.
166: Langston University.
167: Lincoln University.
168: Morehouse College.
169: Morgan State University.
170: Oberlin College.
171: South Carolina State University.
172: Southern University.
173: Spelman College.
174: Tennessee State University.
175: Tuskegee University.
176: Anonymous: On Educating African American Women.
177: Virginia State University.
178: Wilberforce University.
179: Summary.
180: Literature and the Arts.
181: African American Literature to the 1940s.
182: Slave Narratives.
183: Prose, Drama, and Poetry.
184: Oral Tradition.
185: Trickster Tale.
186: Minstrel Show.
187: The Civil War and Reconstruction.
188: The Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries.
189: The Crisis.
190: The Harlem Renaissance.
191: The Advent of Urban Realism.
192: Opportunity.
193: Chicago Defender.
194: The Harlem Renaissance Up Close.