Pavlov | Skinner | Bandura | Punishment/Reinforcement Classical Conditioning | Extinction | Operant Conditioning | Modeling
	This clip shows the discovery of the conditioned reflex in dogs and summarizes Pavlov's paradigm to study dogs' salivation reflex. Pavlov uses a variety of stimuli in his study of animal learning. Why did Pavlov vary the stimuli used to elicit the conditioned reflex in dogs? Back to Top
	In this video, a pigeon is shown in a study using food as a reinforcement for pecking behavior. Skinner discusses schedules of reinforcement and how learning research can be applied to understand human behavior. Skinner challenges the validity of human free will. How is the process of learning, as understood by Skinner, inconsistent with the idea of free will? Back to Top
	A mouse is shown in the experimental apparatus pressing a bar in order to turn on a light. When the light turns on, the mouse receives a food pellet as a reinforcement. What schedule of reinforcement is being used? Back to Top
	Bandura introduces key concepts of social-cognitive theory, such as the triadic theory, fortuity, modeling and observational learning, efficacy, moral disengagement. He describes the application of social-cognitive theory to dealing with anxiety, improving human performance, and changing behaviors. Bandura reviews early research on modeling aggression and discusses ways that social-cognitive theory can be used for human good. Who are influential models in teaching children about aggression? Back to Top
	This film begins with a slide describing the design of Bandura's classic study on modeling aggression using the Bobo doll. The video shows a recreation of each of the conditions in which Bobo is physically attacked and the reinforcement and punishment endings. Slides describe the collection of the dependent measures in Bandura's study and the findings. How would changing the age or gender of the aggressive model affect the results of Bandura's study? Back to Top
	The video starts with a faculty member teaching a psychology class and having students participate in a class activity on anagrams. Results of the activity demonstrate learned helplessness for students who received the impossible anagrams. Students and faculty member apply the concept of learned helplessness to social relationships. How does learned helplessness relate to victimization? Back to Top
	The video begins with a banana putting away a shirt and then receiving coins as a reinforcement. In the next scene, the banana does not put away the t-shirt and is thrown as a punishment. The banana is shown receiving other reinforcements and punishments. Which is more effective in modifying a behavior -- reinforcements or punishments? Back to Top
	The video clip shows the results of studies on conditioning of fish. The investigator is shown collaborating with commercial fisheries to train wild sea bass to return in response to a tone in order to receive food. Investigators discuss challenges of the research. What types of applications could conditioning have in business settings? Back to Top
	This is a clip from the show "The Office." Every time Jim shuts down his computer he gives Dwight an Altoid mint. Dwight becomes conditioned to receive mints when he hears the "shutting down" tone of Jim's computer. If Jim does not give Dwight any more mints, what will happen to Dwight's response? Back to Top
	This clip shows a college student conditioning his roommate to flinch at the sound of the phrase "that was easy" by shooting his roommate with an airsoft gun after pushing a button that repeats the phrase "that was easy." What ethical violations may have occurred during the making of this video? Back to Top
	This video clip from the Maury Povich show presents a woman who has an intense fear of pickles. Her phobia is discussed, and then they confront her with pickles in the studio. What type of early experiences with an object or substance would lead to someone developing a phobia? Back to Top
	This video presents a horse-trainer explaining how to work with horses while keeping their past negative experiences and different temperaments in mind. The trainer demonstrates how to attract the horse's attention and interpret their head and body posture. How might having more than one horse in the same corral affect training? Back to Top
	This video presents an individual experiencing "extinction burst." The subject repeatedly pushes a button to close elevator doors, knocks on a locked door, pushes the button on a drink machine, clicks the receiver button on a public telephone, and pushes the button on a copy machine — all without success. Each of the examples shown in this clip shows extinction bursts using touch; what examples of extinction bursts can you think of that use senses other than touch? Back to Top
	This original footage shows a pigeon solving a reasoning problem involving how to reach a small banana placed just out of its reach. The pigeon considers the situation and then pushes a small box in place under the banana, hops on top of the box, and gets the banana. Reasoning skills, as well as language, were once thought of as uniquely human traits; what characteristics make humans unique among animals? Back to Top
	This clip shows a recreation of Thorndike's research on learning by using cats in puzzle boxes. When cats are put in the box initially they exhibit trial-and-error learning. Thorndike's law of effect, the assertion that behavior changes because of it's consequences, is summarized. According to Thorndike, how should the presence of food affect the cats' behavior in the future? Back to Top
	This public service announcement shows young children following adults and directly imitating their behaviors. Situations include talking on cell phones, smoking, demonstrating road rage, yelling, verbal abusing a baby, and physically abusing a woman. The final scene shows a child imitating helping behaviors. In addition to parental models, who else might serve as a model for children? Back to Top